Bài tập ngữ pháp tiếng Anh GERUND AND INFINITIVE là một phần quan trọng trong việc học tiếng Anh. Để giúp bạn nắm vững kiến thức này, dưới đây là 50 bài tập ngữ pháp GERUND AND INFINITIVE kèm đáp án.
Mục lục
I. Lý thuyết cách làm ngữ pháp tiếng Anh GERUND AND INFINITIVE
1. Gerund và Infinitive là gì?
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Gerund (Danh động từ) là những từ có cấu trúc như một động từ, nhưng lại có chức năng làm danh từ. Danh động từ là những động từ thêm “ing” để biến thành danh từ.
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Infinitive (Động từ nguyên mẫu) là những động từ có cấu trúc cơ bản nhất. Động từ nguyên mẫu được chia thành 2 loại: động từ đi kèm bởi “to”, và động từ không có “to”.
2. Các quy tắc sử dụng bạn cần biết
Dưới đây là một số quy tắc khi sử dụng Gerund và Infinitve cần thiết khi học tiếng Anh đặc biệt là khi học tiếng Anh online cho người đi làm.
Quy tắc 1: Gerund có thể làm chủ ngữ trong câu
Hãy theo dõi một vài ví dụ sau:
- Swimming is good for your health.
- Making mistakes bring me more experiences.
- Becoming an engineer is a childhood dream.
Những từ được in đậm “Swimming”, “Making mistakes”, “Becoming an engineer” là những danh động từ với chức năng làm chủ ngữ trong câu.
Quy tắc 2: Cả Gerund và Infinitive đều có thể làm tân ngữ
Cả Gerund và Infinitive đều có thể làm tân ngữ. Bạn có thể nói “I enjoy drawing” và bạn cũng có thể nói “Yesterday, I decided to draw” Với một số động từ, đi kèm, nó sẽ là Gerund hoặc Infinitive. Cụ thể:
-
Các động từ đi kèm với Infinitive:
- Agree: I agreed to help her.
- Decide: I decided not to take part in the meeting.
- Deserve: Everyone deserves to be respected.
- Expect: I expect to see the new movie tomorrow.
- Hope: We were hoping to avoid traffic by leaving early.
- Learn: He learned not to trust anyone.
- Need: She needs to learn English.
- Offer: I offered to help Susan with homework.
- Plan: We are planning to our picnic tomorrow.
- Promise: My mother promised to buy a new dress for me.
- Seem: We seem to be lost.
- Wait: I cannot wait to see him.
- Want: I want to go to the movie theater.
-
Các động từ đi kèm với Gerund:
- Admit: They admitted going to the zoo.
- Advise: I advise proceeding (moving forward) with caution.
- Avoid: She avoided asking him the question about his mother.
- Consider (think about): I considered staying silent, but I had to tell her.
- Deny: I denied going to the party.
- Involve: The course involved writing three tests.
- Mention (say something): She mentioned seeing my brother at the school.
- Recommend: I recommend watching this movie.
- Risk: Don’t risk losing your job!
- Suggest: I suggest going to the library.
Quy tắc 3: Infinitive có thể sử dụng sau một số tính từ
Ngoài việc trở thành tân ngữ đi sau một số động từ, Infinitive có thể được sử dụng sau một số tính từ.
Ví dụ:
- It is not easy to graduate from university.
- It is necessary to speak English to work in a hotel.
- It is wonderful to have close friends.
Khi miêu tả một thứ gì đó bằng tính từ (Những từ in nghiêng trong ví dụ) thì theo sau nó phải là một Infinitive. Sử dụng Gerund trong trường hợp này là sai. Tuy nhiên, nếu bạn muốn biến những từ in đậm thành chủ ngữ, bạn sẽ phải chuyển chúng thành Gerund (xem quy tắc 1).
- Graduating from university is not easy.
- Speaking English is necessary to work in a hotel.
- Having close friends is wonderful.
Quy tắc 4: Chỉ có Infinitive được dùng sau tân ngữ chỉ người.
Đặc biệt, chỉ có Infinitive được dùng sau tân ngữ chỉ người.
Ví dụ: “We asked her not to go“.
Trong ví dụ này, “We” là chủ ngữ, “asked” là động từ, và “her” là tân ngữ của đại từ “she.” Vì vậy bạn phải sử dụng Infinitive “to go”, sau tân ngữ đó, không phải là gerund.
Bài viết liên quan:
Dưới đây là một số động từ được theo sau bởi tân ngữ chỉ người và khi đó bạn phải dùng Infinitive.
- Ask: Can I ask him to help me clean the floor?
- Expect: I never expected him to become my boyfriend.
- Hire (give a job to someone): Did the company hire you just to sit in your office?
- Invite: I invited her to attend my birthday party.
- Order: She ordered the child to stay at home.
- Remind: Please remind me to go to work.
- Require: This job required us to have experience.
- Teach: That will teach you to follow the rules!
- Tell: Who told you to come here?
- Warn: I am warning you not to do this!
Quy tắc 5: Chỉ có Gerund theo sau giới từ.
Giới từ có thể đứng trước danh từ, đại từ, động từ. Đặc biệt khi giới từ đứng trước động từ thì động từ phải ở dạng Gerund.
Ví dụ:
- He is not interested in getting a job at the moment.
- Thanks for coming.
Các Gerund được in đậm “getting” và “coming” đóng vai trò động từ trong câu, đứng trước đó là tính từ được in nghiêng “in”, “for”.
Riêng có 2 giới từ là “except” và “but”, nếu theo sau có động từ thì động từ đó phải ở dạng nguyên mẫu không có “to”.
Ví dụ:
- I could do nothing except agree.
- He did nothing but complain.
II. Bài tập ngữ pháp tiếng Anh GERUND AND INFINITIVE
Bài tập 1:
- My father usually helps me ___ English.
- a. to learn
- b. lean
- c. learning
- d. both a and b
- He was heard___ shout.
- a. to
- b. of
- c. by
- d. at
- This student expected___ the first winner of the Grand Prix.
- a. be
- b. being
- c. to be
- d. will be
- I told her___ about her wedding; everything will straighten out.
- a. Don’t worry
- b. not to worry
- c. no worry
- d. not worry
- May I suggest you let___
- a. Mary doing so
- b. Mary do so
- c. Mary does to
- d. Mary to do so
- She___ him when he called her.
- a. pretended not hear
- b. pretended she heard not
- c. pretended not to hear
- d. did not pretend hear
- The doctor advised___ late.
- a. me not staying up
- b. me not stay up
- c. me not to stay up
- d. I did not stay up
- The school superintendent told me___
- a. hurrying up
- b. to hurry up
- c. hurry up
- d. hurried up
- “___us face the enemies”, shouted the soldiers.
- a. Make
- b. Let
- c. Leave
- d. Keep
- Mr. Brown told the schoolgirls___ in class.
- a. don’t ear
- b. not to eat
- c. eat not
- d. not eat
- I have heard Dang Thai Son___ the piano.
- a. played
- b. plays
- c. play
- d. to play
- The young teachers wanted a Foreign Language Teaching workshop ___ in Ho Chi Minh City.
- a. to be holding
- b. should hold
- c. to be held
- d. to hold
- ___able to take part in the international math contest two years from now, Son works very hard in his math lass.
- a. In order to be
- b. Being
- c. Been
- d. So that he be
- Try___ so many mistakes.
- a. not to make
- b. not make
- c. to make not
- d. make not
- Let me___ from you soon.
- a. to hear
- b. hear
- c. hearing
- d. heard
- John is too stupid___ understand this.
- a. to
- b. not to
- c. to not
- d. for
- The wind is___ to blow the roof off.
- a. strong enough
- b. too strong
- c. quiet strong
- d. very strong
- My father is ___ to stay up late.
- a. too tired
- b. enough tired
- c. tired enough
- d. so tired
- John wanted me___ him.
- a. to be helping
- b. help
- c. to help
- d. I help
- I want___ early tomorrow morning.
- a. to leave
- b. leaving
- c. me leave
- d. me leaving
Đáp án:
- d
- a
- c
- b
- c
- c
- c
- b
- b
- b
- c
- c
- a
- b
- b
- a
- a
- a
- c
- a
Bài tập 2:
- I hope___
- a. to see you there
- b. seeing you there
- c. you to see there
- d. see you there
- I taught___
- a. how mending a shirt
- b. him how to mend a shirt
- c. how mend a shirt
- d. him how mend a shirt
- I told___
- a. Nam to come
- b. to come Nam
- c. to Nam come
- d. Nam come
- My father has decided___ a new house.
- a. find
- b. to find
- c. finding
- d. him find
- Mother warned___ the electric plug
- a. here not to touch
- b. her touching not
- c. her not touch
- d. not touch
- Don’t tell Tan because I don’t want___
- a. him to know
- b. know
- c. him know
- d. knowing
- She explained___
- a. how to make it
- b. me how to make it
- c. me to make it
- d. me make it
- Miss Brown told Mary___ down.
- a. sit
- b. to sit
- c. sitting
- d. sat
- She told Mary___ up hope.
- a. not give
- b. do not give
- c. not to give
- d. to give not
- Michael Faraday wrote a litter to Sir Humphry Davy___ for work.
- a. asked
- b. to ask
- c. so to ask
- d. in order to asking
- Do you know___ to play that game now?
- a. way
- b. what
- c. if
- d. how
- She is very glad___ see you again.
- a. in
- b. with
- c. to
- d. for
- He noticed two thieves___ out of a shop.
- a. to come
- b. are coming
- c. in coming
- d. come
- When will he be allowed to go home? When will they___?
- a. let him go
- b. let to go
- c. leave him to go
- d. leave him
- The guide encouraged the tourists___ the Prado Museum Madrid
- a. visit
- b. to visit
- c. visiting
- d. to visiting
- Mow that were finished painting the house, there’s nothing left___
- a. done
- b. did
- c. to do
- d. for doing
- The superintendent promised to tear down and___ the fire damaged school building.
- a. rebuild
- b. to rebuild
- c. rebuilding
- d. to rebuilding
- The mechanic needs___ a new muffler on your car.
- a. to put
- b. putting
- c. to be put
- d. to putting
- Our house needs___
- a. to paint
- b. to be painting
- c. to be paint
- d. painting
- Do you want ___ by the doctor?
- a. to examine
- b. to be examined
- c. being examined
- d. being to examine
Đáp án:
- a
- b
- a
- b
- a
- a
- a
- b
- c
- b
- d
- c
- d
- a
- b
- c
- a
- a
- d
- b
Bài tập 3. Choose the correct answer:
- He is expecting …………………….. a trip to Ha Long Bay.
- A. make
- B. to make
- C. making
- D. made
- Students stopped ……………………… noise when the teacher came in.
- A. make
- B. to make
- C. making
- D. made
- She couldn’t bear ………………. tears when she saw the film “ Romeo and Juliet”.
- A. shed
- B. to shed
- C. shedding
- D. sheds
- Ann likes ……………….. but she hates ………………… up.
- A. cook/ washing
- B. to cook/ to wash
- C. cooking/ washed
- D. cooking/ washing
- I enjoy ………………. to classical music.
- A. listening
- B. to listen
- C. listens
- D. listen
- I really regret …………………. your feeling when I asked you such a silly question.
- A. hurt
- B. to hurt
- C. hurting
- D. hurts
- Would you mind ………………… me a newspaper?
- A. buy
- B. to buy
- C. buying
- D. bought
- Would you like ……………. the next dance with me?
- A. to have
- B. having
- C. has
- D. had
- Did you remember …………………….. Ann? – Oh, no. I completely forgot it.
- A. phone
- B. to phone
- C. phoning
- D. phoned
- Does the city government intend …………………… anything about pollution?
- A. do
- B. did
- C. doing
- D. to do
- Those shirts need ………………… but you needn’t ……………….. them now.
- A. iron/ iron
- B. to iron/ to iron
- C. ironing/ iron
- D. ironed/ to iron
- When you see Tom, remember ……………………….. him my regards.
- A. give
- B. to give
- C. giving
- D. given
- They postpone ……………………….. an Element School for the lack of finance.
- A. built
- B. to build
- C. building
- D. builds
- It’s no use …………………. him. He never allows anybody …………………. advice.
- A. advise/ give
- B. to advise/ to give
- C. advising/ giving
- D. advising/ to give
- Are his ideas worth ……………………. to?
- A. listen
- B. to listen
- C. listening
- D. listened
- He always avoids …………………… me in the streets.
- A. meet
- B. meeting
- C. met
- D. to meet
- Tom refuses …………………… his address.
- A. give
- B. gave
- C. to give
- D. giving
- The passengers asked her how ……………….to the police station?
- A. to get
- B. getting
- C. got
- D. get
- I dislike ………………… in line.- So do I. That’s why I prefer ……………….. at night when there are fewer people.
- A. wait/ shop
- B. to wait/ shopping
- C. waiting/ shopping
- D. waiting/ to shop
- My grandfather is used to ……………………… up early in the morning.
- A. getting
- B. to get
- C. get
- D. go
Đáp án:
- B
- C
- B
- A
- A
- C
- C
- A
- B
- D
- D
- B
- B
- B
- C
- B
- C
- A
- D
- C
Bài tập 4. Give the correct form into the gerund or the infinitive.
- It appears (be)__ raining.
- to be
- We intend (go) __ to the countryside this weekend.
- to go
- I pretended (be) __ sick so I didn’t have to go to work.
- to be
- Can you imagine (live) __ without TV?
- living
- They tolerate (smoke) __ but they prefer people not to.
- smoking
- I anticipate (arrive) __ on Tuesday.
- arriving
- A wedding involves (negotiate) __ with everyone in the family.
- negotiating
- He denies (steal) __ the money.
- stealing
- He claims (be) __ a millionaire but I don’t believe him.
- to be
- I expect (be) __ there about seven.
- to be
- Julia reported (see) __ the boys to the police.
- seeing
- It tends (rain) __ a lot in Scotland.
- to rain
- Do you recall (meet) __ her at the party last week?
- meeting
- She mentioned (go) __ to the cinema, but I don’t know what she decided to do in the end.
- going
- The teenager refused (go) __ on holiday with his parents.
- to go
- I understand (be) __ late once or twice, but every day is too much!
- being
- I would prefer you (come) __ early if you can.
- to come
- That criminal deserves (get) __ a long sentence.
- to get
- She completed (paint) __ her flat.
- painting
- We arranged (meet) __ at four but at four thirty she still hadn’t arrived.
- to meet
Bài tập 5. Give the correct form of the word in bracket.
- I’m very interested in __ French. (learn)
- learning
- My pen friend is coming next Friday. I’m really looking forward __ her.(meet)
- to meeting
- Don’t you mind __ away from your family for such a long time? (be)
- being
- The children promised __ back by nine. (be)
- to be
- I wanted to go alone but Joe insisted on __ with me. (come)
- coming
- Tom offered __ me home. (bring)
- to bring
- Why not __ a weekend in Scotland? (spend)
- spend
- I’m sorry I can’t come to your party but thank you for __ me. (invite)
- inviting
- Our neighbors apologized for __ such noise. (make)
- making
- Paris is always worth __ to. (travel)
- traveling
Bài tập 6. Give the correct form.
- She promised __ (not object) to his __ (smoke).
- not to object / smoking
- They continued __ (eat) after the interruption.
- eating
- I am not in the habit of __ (smoke) in the car.
- smoking
- Ann reminded me __ (finish) my work on time.
- to finish
- He’d better __ (get) used to __ (work) harder.
- get / working
- I am capable of __ (stand) on my head and __ (play) the saxophone.
- standing / playing
- You’d better __ (start) __ (dig) the garden.
- start / digging
- I expected someone __ (pick) up these papers.
- to pick
- The Romans were quite happy about Hannibal __ (not attack) Rome.
- not attacking
- It was interesting __ (watch) our cat __ (play).
- to watch / playing
Bài tập 7. Choose the correct answer
- My friend really enjoys ……… books and magazines.
- A. to read
- B. reading
- C. to reads
- ….…… enoguh sleepis very important for good health.
- A. Getting
- B. Get
- C. is getting
- ….…… isn’t allowed inside the building. You should go outside.
- A. Smoke
- B. Smokes
- C. Smoking
- Thomas usually ……….. TV after he gets home from school.
- A. watches
- B. to watch
- C. watching
- I really dislike ………. on holidays and weekends.
- A. working
- B. to work
- C. work
- I ……….. one or two cups of coffee every morning.
- A. to drink
- B. drinking
- C. drink
- ….…….. is a great exercise, but you should remember to wear a helmet.
- A. Cycles
- B. Cycle
- C. Cycling
- Jenifer wants ………… her friend in San Francisco next week.
- A. to visit
- B. visits
- C. visiting
Bài tập 8. Put the verbs in brackets into their correct form.
- I dislike shopping because I can’t stand ___ in crowded places (BE).
- being
- I avoid ___ places where there are crowds of people (VISIT)
- visiting
- She intends ___ up a lot of money so that she can go to Africa next year (SAVE).
- to save
- I remember Steve ___ the gold medal in the race last year (WIN).
- winning
- We have arranged for the plumber ___ tomorrow (COME).
- to come
- It is necessary for him ___ harder (STUDY)
- to study
- I need ___ this project today (FINISH).
- to finish
- I insist on ___ you with the dishes (HELP)
- helping
- Some people expect things ___ wrong on the 13th of every month (GO)
- to go
- Stuart agreed ___ the car for me (WASH)
- to wash
